I concure with what 78 has said, unless that just isnt your thing. I traveled Euro, mostly the east, every month for several years when I was working there. I never traveled with a set plan, I didnt want to have to be in point A by monday 900hr or point B by thur 2000hr. If you are on a set time plan or have things you want to see, that might not work for you.
A couple of quick points....
Buying a ticket at the station isnt a hassel, atleast I never percieved it as such. Somebody always speaks English if you arent up to snuff on the local lingal.
Travel agents or agencies are alll around points of entry. When you get off your flight or train, just ask for one. Walk in tell them where you want to go, when, and what they recommend for stops allong the way or places not to miss. I went to some really cool out of the way places by listening to and old wise ticket seller.
I never booked a room, just walked untill I found a place that looked good and checked in. If you book a room ahead, you have to find the location, if you wing it, you dont.
Travel light, a backpack that you can shoulder if you have to go on foot for a while. Bring another empty and rolled for the swag you might buy.
Eat at local pubs for dinner, not restaurants, go in get a cold drink and ask for the "daily special". Its cheaper than ording from the menu and usually very good. Always drink the local wine or beer, again its cheap and gives you a flavor of the local region.
I'm starting to sound like a travel book, and know I havent answered your question for specific places to go, and I really can't. That depends on what your taste are. You mentioned hiking, thats not going to be a problem in Bavaria, talk to the locals when you get close. You have a month to play with, look into what your interest are and research your planned path. I enjoyed a couple of days

in a small moutain town every bit as much as I did, if not more, than seeing the big citys.
Cant remember from previous post if you are a wayward cop or not, if so, carry your tin and some patches, they are always good for banging into the local station and swapping and getting some good advice and possibly more. If you are a cop and not a member look into the I.P.A.
Hope this helps a little and enjoy. I'm revisting BiH & Croatia in a few weeks. No plans, just a ticket into Sarajevo and then my thumb or bus / train.